Hydrocarbon-burner.



PATENTED PEB. 7, 1905.

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GATION FILED SEPT. 1B. 1902.

HYDROGARBON BURNER.

APPLI PATENTED FER?, 1905.

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E. THOMSON.

HYDROGARBON BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 1s. 1902.

Patented February '7, 1905.

ATENT FFICE.,

ELIHUl THOMSON, OF SVAMPSCOTT, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO GEN- ERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

HYDROCARBON-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part or" Letters Patent No. 781,922, dated February 7, 1905.

Application filed September 18, 1902. Serial No. 123,855.

To /rU-l/fto'ln it may concern:

Be it known thatLELIHUTHonsoN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Swampscott, county of Essex, State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon-Burners, of which the Yfollowingl is a specification.

This invention relates to burners Vfor liquidhydrocarbon fuel, especially kerosene-oil of high flashing-point. Its object is to burn such oil without producing smoke or smell and in such large quantities as are necessary for generating steam in boilers---for example, those used in automobiles. This burner is applicable, however, to any other uses in which heat is to be produced by the combustion of keroseno-oil.

lleretofore difliculty has been experienced in burning the heavier oils without smoke, smell. and other disadvantages. Burners of the Bunsen type give trouble by back-firing. ln the present invention the combustion is perfect and there is no possibility of backfiring, since the flame is at all times as near the nozzle of the jet-injector as it can burn.

The invention consists of a box of refractory material, such as fire-brick, provided with a perforated top and having at one side an injector-tube through whicha iet of oilvapor and atomized oil is injected, the jet drawing' in a sufficient volume of air to effect combustion. The oil burns within the box, and the perforated top allows the heated gases and some tiame to escape therefrom and pass into the boiler-tubes or impinge upon whatever other object is to be heated. The box soon gets into a ruddy glow, so that the fire cannot be blown out under normal conditions and will relight itself after the oil has been turned off at least three minutes.

ln the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section of a burner embodying my invention, taken on the line l l, Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a sectional plan view of the same on the line Q 2, Fig. l. Figs. 3 and -Lt are respectively similar views of a modification, the sections being made, respectively, on the lines 3 3 and The box l is composed of fire-brick or other refractory material capable of standing' a 5o bright-red heat. lt is either self-supporting or formed as a lining` to a sheet-metal jacket i2. The box has a top 3, containing perforations i, which preferably diverge, as shown,

in order to spread the flame. The top is pre'f- 55 erably removable and arched, though the exact shape is immaterial. Entering' the box and preferably at one side thereof is an injector-tube 5, of sheet metal, such as iron or nickel, and opposite the mouth of this tube is 6o a nozzle 6, connected with a pipe T for supplying vaporized oil and provided with a valve 8 for regulating the flow of vapor. The oil may be vaporized by any suitable device and Y is fed to the nozzle under a pressure of from 65 forty to eighty pounds to the square inch, the nozzle being' suitably shaped to secure the greatest expulsive effect.

The box l is surrounded by a sheet-metal casing 9, through which the injector-tube 70 passes. The casing is provided with air-inlet holes 10 above the top of the box. Inside the casing and opposite said holes is a deflectorplate l1, diverging downwardly from the casing, to which it is attached at its upper edge. 75 lf the box and the casing are circular, the deflector-plate will be an inverted frusto-conical ring, as shown. The lower edge of the plate preferably stands linst below the top of the box, but not in contact therewith.

The operation is as follows: lVheu vaporized oil is fed under pressure into the injector-tube and box, it draws in with it a supply of air, as indicated by the arrows. On ignition the vapor burns in the injector-tube and 85 the box, any unconsumcd portion being' expelled by the draft through the perforations in the top of the box, where it meets the air entering through the holes in the casing and passing' around under the edge of the deflec- 90 tor-plate and is consumed without smoke or odor. The hot gases and llame radiate through the perforations in the top of the box and pass upward to the boiler-tubes or other object to be heated.

ln Figs. 3 and -t the box has one or more upright air-flues l2 conveying air to the center of the fire above the top of the box. The

oil-supply pipe 13 connects with a larger pipe 14, passing' above the top of the box, and preferably wound into a coil, as shown, so that the heat of the flame will vaporize the oil before it passes to the burner. To maintain the heat of the vapor before it reaches the nozzle,

the pipe 7, conveying the vapor from the vaporizer to 'the nozzle, may be coiled around the injector-tube. It will be noted that in Figs. 3 and 4' the injector-tube is shown as entering the box on a tangent, whereby the injected vapor and air are given a whirling motion within the combustion-chamber, so that they are thoroughly mixed and the combustion is rendered more perfect.

To start the burner shown in Figs. 3 and 4, it is only necessary to heat the vaporizer 14 or the coil in the pipe 7 by means of a torch or otherwise until the oil in these pipes is vaporized suiiiciently to ignite in the injectortube when the valve is opened, after which the vaporizing action will be automatically maintained.

What 1 claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. A burner, comprising a hollow cylindrical `body of refractory material closed at its bottom and having' an inlet located in its side wall, a top plate covering the body and having a plurality of discharge-outlets'arranged closely spaced over substantially the entire'area of the same, and means for injecting burning hydrocarbon fuel into the interior of a chamber in a tangential direction relatively to the side wall for generating a whirl in the mass of burning fuel in the chamber preparatory to its passing through the outlets.

Q. A burner, comprisingv a hollow cylindrical body of refractory material having a shallow depth relatively to its width and provided with a sole inlet at one side and a plurality of upwardly-discharging outlets, a centrally-disposed vertical flue extending through the top, and means for injecting burning hydrocarbon fuel into the burner in substantially a horizontal direction and tangentially relatively to the said wall of the burner-body.

3. A burner, comprising a hollow cylindrical body of refractory material closed at the bottom and side and having' a central vertical flue formed integral with the bottom thereof, a top plate fitting the top on the body and provided with a central openingregistering with said flue and having also a plurality of upwardly-discharging outlet-openings, and an injector-tube extending into the side wall of the burner-body with its axis disposed substantially parallel to the bottom of the'burner and tangentially relatively to the side wall thereof.

4. In combination, a burner comprising a relatively flat hollow body of refractory material having a sole inlet in its side, a top plate covering the body and having a plurality of discharge-orifices, an injector-tube extending into the inlet-opening for admitting a fuel and air mixture and forming the sole inlet into the body, a casing closed at its bottom a-nd surrounding the body of the burner and having air-inlet openings, and a deiector arranged in the casing in cooperative relation to-the airinlet openings for distributing the air around the burner adjacent its top.

5. In combination, a casing closed at its bottom, a burner supported therein, the same comprising' a hollow box of refractory mate-` rial closed at its bottom and sides, and an injector-tube passing through the casing 'and the side of the box, a deiiector-plate arranged in the casing to inclose a space opening downwardly and communicatingwith the interior of the casing around the burner, and means for admitting air into the space around the deiiector-plate. K

6. In combination, a burner comprising a hollow cylindrical body of refractory material closed at its bottom, a perforated top plate therefor, a casing inclosing the burner and closed at its bottom around the same, a tube passing' through the side of the casing and burner forming the sole inlet into the latter and disposed with its axis substantially parallel with the bottom of the burner, a vertical tubular air-flue extending through the bottom of the burner and top plate, and means for admitting the air around the circumference of the burner at the top thereof. A

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 16th day of September, 1902.

ELIHU THOMSON.

Witnesses:

DUGALD MCK. MoKILLoP, JOHN A. McMANUs. 

